Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) coding is a type of forward error correction code used in digital communication systems to improve data reliability. LDPC codes are characterized by a sparse parity-check matrix, which results in efficient decoding algorithms and high error correction performance. LDPC coding is widely used in communication standards such as Wi-Fi, 5G, and satellite communications, as well as storage systems and optical communication networks. Research in LDPC coding focuses on improving decoding algorithms, optimizing code construction, and applying LDPC codes to new communication scenarios to enhance data transmission efficiency and reliability.